CHAPTER-1
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Cellonics Incorporated has
developed new technology that may end this and other communications problems
forever.
The new modulation and demodulation technology is called Cellonics. In
general, this technology will allow for modem speeds that are 1,000 times
faster than our present modems. The development is based on the way biological
cells communicate with each other and nonlinear dynamical systems (NDS). Major
telcos, which are telecommunications companies, will benefit from the
incredible speed, simplicity, and robustness of this new technology, as well as
individual users.
In current
technology, the ASCII uses a combination of ones and zeros to display a single
letter of the alphabet (Cellonics, 2001). Then the data is sent over radio
frequency cycle to its destination where it is then decoded. The original
technology also utilizes carrier signals as a reference which uses hundreds of
wave cycles before a decoder can decide on the bit value (Legard, 2001),
whether the bit is a one or a zero, in order to translate that into a single
character.
The Cellonics technology came about
after studying biological cell behaviour. The study showed that human cells
respond to stimuli and generate waveforms that consist of a continuous line of
pulses separated by periods of silence. The Cellonics technology found a way to
mimic these pulse signals and apply them to the communications industry
(Legard, 2001). The Cellonics element accepts slow analog waveforms as input
and in return produces predictable, fast pulse output, thus encoding digital
information and sending it over communication channels. Nonlinear Dynamical
Systems (NDS) are the mathematical formulations required to simulate the cell
responses and were used in building Cellonics. Because the technique is
nonlinear, performance can exceed the norm, but at the same time, implementation
is straightforward (Legard, 2001).
CHAPTER-2
PRINCIPLE OF CELLONICS TECHNOLOGY
2.1 PRINCIPLE
The Cellonics technology is a revolutionary and
unconventional approach based on the theory of nonlinear dynamical systems
(NDS) and modelled after biological cellbehaviour1. In essence, the term
Cellonics is an euphemism for ‘electronic cells’. When used in the field of
communications, the technology has the ability to encode, transmit and decode
digital information powerfully over a variety of physical channels, be they
cables or wirelessly through the air.
Fig 2.1: Measured ß-cell Response
There has been much research over the past decades to study
inter-cell communications. Laboratory studies have recorded electrical
waveforms that show burst of spikes separated by periods of silence
CHAPTER-3
CELLONICS
CIRCUITS
3.1 THE CELLONICS CIRCUITS
Cellonics Inc. has developed and patented families of Cellonics circuits
that are useful for various applications. One of these Cellonics circuits is an
extremely simple circuit that exhibits the “Scurve” transfer characteristic.
Fig 3.1 shows one of the possible circuit realizations. The circuit contains a
negative impedance converter. Its I-V transfer characteristic is shown in Fig
3.2.Thetransfer characteristic consists of three different regions. The two
lines at the top and bottom have positive slope, 1/RF and they represent the
regions in which the Op-Amp is operating
in the saturated (nonlinear) mode. In Fig
3.2, the middle segment has a negative slope (negative resistance)
CHAPTER-4
APPLICATIONS TO TELECOMMUNICATIONS
4.1 APPLICATIONS
The Cellonics technology can be used as a modulation/demodulation
technique with the Cellonics Element embedded in the demodulator (Fig 4.1). One
of the most important features of the Cellonics demodulation technique is its
powerful inherent Carrier-rate Decoding, which enables one information symbol
to be carried in one RF carrier cycle. Convention systems require thousands of
cycles to capture one symbol. Cellonics unique Carrier-rate Decoding™ offers
throughput at maximum rate.
CHAPTER- 8
CONCLUSION
The
Cellonics communication method
is one inspired by how biological cells signal.
It is a fresh and novel look at how digital signals may be conveyed. In this
digital day and age, it is timely; current digital communication designs are
mostly derived from old analog signal methods. With the Cellonics method, much
of the sub-systems in a traditional communication system are not required.
Noise-generating and power-consuming systems such as voltage-controlled
oscillators, PLLs, mixers, power amplifiers, etc., are eliminated. To a
communications engineer, this is unheard off. One just doesn’t build a
communication device without an oscillator, mixer.
Such is the revolutionary impact
of Cellonics. Engineers will have to reform their thinking- that such a simple
solution is possible.
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